Lonicera caerulea Honeyberry
Lonicera caerulea (
Blue-berried Honeysuckle or
Sweetberry
Honeysuckle) is a
honeysuckle
native throughout the cool temperate
Northern Hemisphere.
It is a
deciduous shrub
growing to 1.5–2 m tall. The
leaves are opposite, oval, 3–8 cm long and 1–3 cm
broad, glaucous green, with a slightly waxy texture. The
flowers
are yellowish-white, 12–16 mm long, with five equal lobes; they are
produced in pairs on the shoots. The
fruit is a
blue
berry
about 1 cm in diameter.
- Haskap: an ancient Japanese name of the Ainu people (also spelled
phonetically as Haskappu, Hascap, Hascup) but still used today in Japan
and in North America.
- Blue Honeysuckle: descriptive translation from Russia.
- Honeyberry: coined by Jim Gilbert of One Green World Nursery,
Oregon, and fairly common in North America.
- Sweet Berry Honeysuckle: an old common name from the 1940s.
- Swamp fly honeysuckle: a common name coined by botanists who found
it growing in swampy areas.
- Known in Russia as "Жимолость съедобная" ("Edible Honeysuckle").[1]
Distribution and
habitat
The species is circumpolar, primarily found in or near wetlands of
boreal forests in heavy peat soils. However, it can also be found in
high calcium soils, in mountains, and along the northeast coasts of Asia
and North America. Interestingly, it is absent on west coasts. It has
not been found in Norway nor Alaska nor British Columbia.
[1]
Cultivation and uses
Russia has the longest history of collecting from the wild and
breeding this crop.
L. c. var.
edulis has been used the
most in their
[who?]
breeding efforts but other varieties have been bred with it to increase
productivity and flavour. In Japan (Hokkaido Island) and in the Oregon
State University Haskap breeding programs,
L.c. var.
emphyllocalyx
has been the dominant variety used.
[2]
The University of Saskatchewan Breeding Program in Canada is also
emphasizing
L.c. var.
emphyllocalyx but is also
hybridizing with Russian varieties and
L.c. var.
villosa.
[3]